Deer Ferns

Deer fern is abundant in the coastal rainforest. Read on to learn more about these special rainforest dwellers.

A group of western skunk cabbage plants begins to show their yellow flowers.

Western Skunk Cabbage

A sure sign of spring on the west coast is the emergence of the spectacular western skunk cabbage.

Red-Legged Frog

The red-legged frog is a beautiful and secretive inhabitant of the coastal rainforest.

Hundreds of pink Fairy Puke globes scattered across a mint green carpet.

Fairy Puke Lichen

Among the myriad lichens that adorn and encrust the coastal rainforest, few are as striking as Icmadophila ericetorum. This mint-green carpet speckled with tiny pink globes is known as “peppermint drop lichen” or “candy lichen” to some, but in British Columbia, most prefer the evocative nickname “fairy puke lichen” to capture its unique blend of the sickly and the fanciful.

Lobaria Lichen

Lobaria lichens play a crucial role in forest ecology. They are able to accomplish the rare feat of fixing atmospheric nitrogen—an essential nutrient for plant growth, though almost no organisms are able to extract it from the air. These lichens mine this precious nutrient from the atmosphere and when they fall to the forest floor and decay, that nitrogen is made available to the entire ecosystem.

A mossy big leaf maple tree with licorice ferns growing along its trunk and branches.

Licorice Ferns

The licorice fern is a dainty forest dweller primarily found growing on mossy rock faces and the trunks and mossy branches of old-growth trees, sometimes hundreds of feet above the ground in the forest canopy.

Slime Mold

Slime molds are among the oddest creatures of the rainforest. These frequently brightly coloured organisms represent an interphase between the multicellular bodies of plants and animals and the unicellular world of amoebas and other protists.

Carnivorous Sundews

Rather than make its food through photosynthesis, carnivorous sundews, like the ones seen here, supplement their diet by feeding on insects! The tiny tentacles have a sticky dew or “mucilage” on them to help trap and digest their prey for a hearty meal. Known by the Haida First Nation as “many hearts,” the sundew is […]

Tooth-Leaved Monkeyflower

  A rare and beautiful flower, the yellow tooth-leaved monkeyflower (Erythranthe dentata), in Canada, is restricted to a handful of valleys on southwestern Vancouver Island. This diminutive rainforest resident prefers the rich floodplain forests that grow along the valley bottoms, which are home to the largest and most magnificent old-growth trees. These forests are now […]

Redwood Sorrel

  Looking like an oversized clover, the redwood sorrel (oxalis oregana) is one of BC’s loveliest and rarest rainforest plants, found only in a few scattered sites on Vancouver Island and Haida Gwaii. Because they have adapted to live on the shady forest floor, these plants are actually light-sensitive and will fold their leaves to […]